Duration Operations

The std::time::Duration type represents a span of time, typically used for system timeouts, sleep operations, and measuring elapsed time. Unlike calendar time (which can have leap seconds and timezone issues), a Duration is a simple, monotonic count of seconds and nanoseconds.

Duration provides methods to create durations from various units (seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds), extract values in different units, and perform arithmetic operations. It's designed to be precise and overflow-safe, making it ideal for timing operations in systems programming.

Creating Durations

 
use std::time::Duration;
 
// From various units
let d1 = Duration::from_secs(5);           // 5 seconds
let d2 = Duration::from_millis(1500);      // 1.5 seconds
let d3 = Duration::from_micros(1_000_000); // 1 second
let d4 = Duration::from_nanos(1_000_000_000); // 1 second
let d5 = Duration::from_secs_f64(2.5);     // 2.5 seconds
 
// Zero and maximum
let zero = Duration::ZERO;
let max = Duration::MAX;

Extracting Values

 
use std::time::Duration;
 
let d = Duration::from_millis(2500);
 
// Total values (truncates)
d.as_secs();    // 2
d.as_millis();  // 2500
d.as_micros();  // 2_500_000
d.as_nanos();   // 2_500_000_000
 
// Floating point total
d.as_secs_f64(); // 2.5
d.as_secs_f32(); // 2.5
 
// Sub-second component (nanoseconds portion)
d.subsec_nanos();  // 500_000_000
d.subsec_micros(); // 500_000
d.subsec_millis(); // 500

Arithmetic Operations

 
use std::time::Duration;
 
let d1 = Duration::from_secs(5);
let d2 = Duration::from_secs(3);
 
// Addition and subtraction
let sum = d1 + d2;           // 8 seconds
let diff = d1 - d2;          // 2 seconds
 
// Checked operations (return Option)
let checked = d1.checked_add(d2);  // Some(8 seconds)
let overflow = Duration::MAX.checked_add(d1); // None
 
// Saturating operations (clamp at bounds)
let saturated = Duration::MAX.saturating_add(d1);
// Duration::MAX
 
// Multiplication and division
let doubled = d1 * 2;        // 10 seconds
let halved = d1 / 2;         // 2.5 seconds

Your Task

Implement the following functions to work with Duration:

1. from_minutes(minutes: u64) -> Duration

Create a Duration from a number of minutes.

2. from_hours(hours: u64) -> Duration

Create a Duration from a number of hours.

3. to_minutes(duration: Duration) -> u64

Convert a Duration to total minutes (truncated).

4. to_hours(duration: Duration) -> u64

Convert a Duration to total hours (truncated).

5. format_duration(duration: Duration) -> String

Format a duration as "Xh Ym Zs" (e.g., "2h 30m 45s"). Omit zero components at the start (e.g., "30m 45s" not "0h 30m 45s"), but always show seconds.

6. add_durations(durations: &[Duration]) -> Duration

Sum all durations in a slice. Return Duration::ZERO for an empty slice.

7. average_duration(durations: &[Duration]) -> Option<Duration>

Calculate the average duration. Return None for an empty slice.

8. is_longer_than(d1: Duration, d2: Duration) -> bool

Check if the first duration is strictly longer than the second.

Examples

 
use std::time::Duration;
 
// Creating from minutes and hours
let thirty_min = from_minutes(30);
assert_eq!(thirty_min, Duration::from_secs(1800));
 
let two_hours = from_hours(2);
assert_eq!(two_hours, Duration::from_secs(7200));
 
// Converting to minutes and hours
let d = Duration::from_secs(7500); // 2h 5m
assert_eq!(to_minutes(d), 125);
assert_eq!(to_hours(d), 2);
 
// Formatting
let d = Duration::from_secs(9045); // 2h 30m 45s
assert_eq!(format_duration(d), "2h 30m 45s");
 
let d = Duration::from_secs(45);
assert_eq!(format_duration(d), "45s");
 
let d = Duration::from_secs(1845); // 30m 45s
assert_eq!(format_duration(d), "30m 45s");
 
// Adding durations
let durations = vec![
    Duration::from_secs(60),
    Duration::from_secs(120),
    Duration::from_secs(180),
];
assert_eq!(
    add_durations(&durations),
    Duration::from_secs(360)
);
 
// Average duration
let durations = vec![
    Duration::from_secs(10),
    Duration::from_secs(20),
    Duration::from_secs(30),
];
assert_eq!(
    average_duration(&durations),
    Some(Duration::from_secs(20))
);
assert_eq!(average_duration(&[]), None);
 
// Comparison
assert!(is_longer_than(
    Duration::from_secs(10),
    Duration::from_secs(5)
));
assert!(!is_longer_than(
    Duration::from_secs(5),
    Duration::from_secs(5)
));

Hints
Click here for hints
  • One minute is 60 seconds, one hour is 3600 seconds
  • Use as_secs() to get the total seconds, then divide to get minutes/hours
  • For format_duration, calculate hours, minutes, and seconds separately using division and modulo
  • Use Duration::ZERO for the identity element when summing
  • For average, sum all durations then divide by the count
  • Duration implements Ord, so you can use comparison operators directly
  • Remember that Duration division by a number uses duration / n where n is u32